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IMAGEN™ PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPING GROUP

Code: K610411

Introduction
IMAGEN™ Parainfluenza virus Types 1,2 and 3 is a qualitative direct immunofluorescence test for the detection and differentiation of Parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3 antigens

50 tests

Principle of the Test
IMAGEN™ Parainfluenza virus Types 1,2 and 3 is a qualitative direct immunofluorescence test for the detection and differentiation of Parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3 antigens respectively directly in nasopharyngeal aspirates and in cell culture preparations.
Parainfluenza viruses are members of the genus Paramyxovirus classified within the family Paramyxoviridae.1 There are 6 species of Paramyxovirus known to infect man which include Parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, 3 and 4 (subtypes 4a and 4b), Mumps virus and Newcastle Disease virus. Of the 4 Parainfluenza viruses, types 1, 2 and 3 are now recognised as a major cause of acute respiratory disease in infants and children.
Parainfluenza viruses are spread by direct contact or inhalation of virus-containing droplets shed from the respiratory tract of symptomatic individuals. Nasal secretions can contain high concentrations of virus. Viral shedding occurs from 1 day before, up to 7 days after the onset of symptoms. Shedding may persist in immunocompromised patients.
Parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3 can infect and cause disease throughout the upper and lower respiratory tract. Most Parainfluenza infections manifest clinically as acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) in infants and children. However, Parainfluenza infections are also associated with tracheobronchitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and a range of symptoms associated with the upper respiratory tract. Occasionally infections can be severe in infants, causing obstruction of airways and respiratory distress which may lead to increased morbidity and mortality in patients with underlying disease such as cystic fibrosis or in immunocompromised patients. Parainfluenza viruses have been associated with outbreaks of respiratory tract infections in paediatric wards and geriatric wards resulting in prolonged hospitalisation and increased morbidity and mortality. Rapid diagnosis is important in the management of patients and the control of outbreaks.
Direct immunofluorescence tests such as IMAGEN™ Parainfluenza virus Types 1,2 and 3 utilising fluorescein labelled monoclonal antibodies offer a rapid and specific method for the detection of viruses in clinical specimens or cell cultures.