Thyroglobulin haemagglutination tests give useful predictive evidence of possible thyroid dysfunction in patients with other autoimmune endocrine disorders such as Addison’s disease, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or polyendocrine autoimmunopathies, and in members of families prone to organspecific autoimmunity. The antibodies detected by the microsomal haemagglutination test are the principal circulating marker of human autoimmune thyroid disease.

• A simple and reproducible test.
• Easy to read: Cells coated with microsomal antigens are agglutinated by specific autoantibodies, yielding an even carpet of cells at the bottom of a microtitre well and indicating a positive reaction; lack of agglutination is indicated by the cells settling into a tight ring or button, indicating a negative reaction.
• The combination of thyroglobulin and microsomal haemagglutination tests will detect practically all Hashimoto goitres and about 90% of primary myxoedema cases.
• Differential diagnosis of primary thyrotoxicosis and various tachycardias, anxiety states, unexplained weight loss or diarrhoea.

The purified microsomal antigen is isolated from human thyrotoxic glands. The microsomal fraction is then bound to the surface of turkey erythrocytes² which have been treated with tannic acid and these “sensitised” cells will agglutinate in the presence of specific autoantibodies. A small proportion of human sera are reactive against turkey cells, giving rise to non-specific agglutination of the sensitised cells. These non-specific reactions may be detected by means of unsensitised control cells. Both test and control cells are treated with formalin and freeze-dried to give long term stability on storage.

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